A capacitor is a component that can store electric charge and is one of the most commonly used electronic components. This has to start with the structure of the capacitor. The simplest capacitor consists of plates at both
ends and an insulating dielectric (including air) in between. After electrification, the plates are charged to form a voltage (potential difference), but due to the insulating material in the middle, the entire capacitor
is non-conductive.
A transformer is a device that transforms AC voltage, current, and impedance. When an AC current passes through the primary coil, an AC magnetic flux is generated in the iron core (or magnetic core), which induces a voltage
(or current) in the secondary coil. The transformer consists of an iron core (or magnetic core) and a coil. The coil has two or two windings. The winding connected to the power supply is called the primary coil, and
the remaining windings are called the secondary coil.